Dyeing of polymers of acrylonitrile



,ing to the invention:

Un ed ate re? Q.".'1

, ,972,508.. DYEING F POLYMERS OF ACRYLONITRILE Winh'ied Kruckenberg, Ludwig Nussler, and JosefSinger,

Leverkusen-Bayerwerk, and Helmut Kleiner, Koln- I Stammheim, Germany, assignors to Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Filed Dec. 13,1956, Ser. N8. 627,990 7 Claims priority, applicafion Germany Dec. 29, 195sv f 6 Claims. (Cl. 8-41) The present invention relates to the dyeing of polymers of acrylonitrile; more particularly it relatesg'to'a. process for dyeing articles comprising acrylonitiile poly- 2,972,508 Patented Feb. 21, 19st 2 1-amino-2,4-dicyano-G-methylbenzene, 1-amino53-chloro 4-cyanobenzene, 1-amino-2,4-dichlorobenzene, 1'amino-4-methoxybenzene, 1-amino-3,5-dichloro-4-cyanobenzene, 1-an1ino-2-cyano-4-chlorobenzene,

* l-aminoA-nitrobenzene,

mers with azo dyestufis containing at least one externally bound amino group.

As articles comprising acrylonitrile polymers there may be mentioned fibres, filaments, fabrics, moulded articles and the like. Also acrylonitrile copolymers containing at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile can be dyed according to the invention.

It is an object of this invention to provide a process for dyeing articles prepared from acrylonitrile polymers containing at least 85 %,by weight of acrylonitrile. further object is the provision of dyed acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers, the dyeings obtained being distinguished by good fastness properties. 1

According to the invention it has been found that azo dyestufis, free of carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups, which contain an amino group bound to an aromatic 5 nucleus through an ethylene amino group; i.e.,

can be used with advantage for dyeing polymers or copolymers based on acrylonitrile. These azo dyestuffs may contain the amino groups as primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or as quaternary ammoniumbase. By the term non-aromatically linked or externally bound amino groups we understand amino groups which 4 are not attached to an aromatic nucleus but are attached to a terminal (external) radical of the'dyestuif molecules. The monoazo dyestuffs used according to the invention l-amino-4-(dimethylamino)-ethylbenzene,

1-aminobenzene-4-carboxylic acid- (dimethylamino)-eth-' ylester, a a...

l-aminobenzene-4-carboxylic acid-methylester.

Suitable coupling components are for example:

and the ammonium salts such as the quaternary products of these compounds,

Z-hydroxynaphthalene,

2 hydroxynaphthalene-w 3 carboxylic acida (dimethylamino)-ethylester, Y T

2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acid-methylester,

l-phenyl-3-methylpyrazolone- 5 py-tettahydro-S,6-dihydroxy-7,8,l,2-benzoquinoline,

N-methyl-N-fl-aminoethylaminobenzene,

1- (N-ethyl-N-aminoethyl -amino -'3-methylbenze'ne,

1- (N-B-methylamino-ethyl -arnino 3-methylbenzene,

' l (N ethyl N B methylamino ethyl) amino 3- may belong to the benzene-azobenzene series, benzene azo-naphthalene series, benzene-aZo-arylpyrazolone series, benzene-azo-acylacetic acid-aryland alkyl-amide or to the heterocyclic series. They are prepared in usual manner by coupling diazotized amines with azo components. The non-aromatically bound amlno groups may be contained either in the diazoor in the 2120 component. The quaternary ammonium compounds are obtained from the tertiary amines, for example by reacting with alkyl halides. p

amino group in theimole'culern'ay also be used: In addition to-thesaid groups, the azo dyestuffs maylal'so carry other substituents which are'c'ornmon in azo chemistry with the exceptionof sulfonicacid and cmboxylic acid p Some of the dyestuffs used in accordance with the invention are new;

The following diazotizedamines are suitable for example for preparing the azofdyestuifs to .be used accord- Dyestuffs which bear morethan one externally'linked methylbenzene, N 1-(N-ethyl-N-fi-amino-ethyl) -amino-3-methylbenze ne, 1-( N-fl-amino ethyl)-amino-3-methylbenzene. Y

The monoazo dyestuffs to be used according to the present invention are readily soluble in water in the form of their salts. The dyestufis polyacrylonitrile fibres. v

The dyestuffs are applied onto the pol'yii'crylonitrile fibre inusual manner, for example from an acid solution. The dy'eings thus obtained excel in good fastness properties.

The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the invention. i

v ibaifi ze 1 ain .oit dy s uff o t ine f o dia tized 1: amino-2,4-dicyanobenzeneand l-(N-dimethylaminoethyl-N-ethyl)-amino-3-methylbenzene in the form of. its

chloroacetate is dissolved in 3 litres of wateruntil clear and the solution treated with 3- grams of a 30 percent acetic acid. mersed in the dye bath at 40-50" C., the bath is brought to C. Within 40 minutes and boiled for one hour and dried. The fibre is then rinsed in Water. A clear red dyeing is thus obtainedhaving a good 'fastness to washing and tolight. 1 p

' Example-2 show a good to 100 grams of polyacrylonitrile fibre are imamino-Z-cyano-S-chlorobenzene and l-(N-dimethylaminoethyl)-amino-3-methylbenzene in the form of its oxalate is dissolved in 3 litres of water until clear and treated with 3 grams of a 30 percent-formic acid and 2 percent 4 is introduced at 40-50 0., brought to the boil within 20-30 minutes and boiled for one hour. It is then rinsed and dried. A yellowish red is thus obtained having good fastness to light and wetting and particularly to ironing of sodium acetate. 100 grams of polyacrylonitrile fibre 5 and sublimation. are then introduced into the dye bath at 4050 C., the 7 Example 12 a 7 bath brought to 100 wlthm 40 i bqlled In a dye bath containing 1 percent of the dyestufi' of for one hour. A clear orange-colored dyeing 15 obtained the following formula having good fastness to washing and to light. 01H CH5 i In the same manner dyeings of good fastness proper- 10 l ties are obtained on polyacrylonitrile fibres with the dye- NC N=N stuffs of the following table: CH:

N Ha

shade of the Dyestufl dyeing on polyacrylonitrile fibres /CH: 3. NCQN: QNH-omm strongly reddish orange.

CH3 N H:

v CzHs 4, NC N= N\ /C2H red.

CaHr-N CN CH:

/C2H5 5. NC N=N N\ /CHa brick red.

, 1 H C:H4N\

a CH;

01 I /C9H4OH 'o. =N 3N\ /CH: reddish N (13H 0 BHr-N\ orange.

/ /CH3 1. 0;N- N=N-C 'NH-Ci11iN\ Do.

i on: CH3

/0iHioH 8. OiNON: N\ /CH= st r oggly red- S .Ol'fl 8- H CrH4N\ ng /C:Hs 9. NCQN: N\ r r OH; yellolwlsh T6 CaHab/ -CN OH: t CH:

i 10. NC-ON=N-QN\ /CHa r orange.

ct iN 0112c O--NH Example 11 having the following formula H: referred to the weight of the fibre, 3 grams of polyacrylonitrile fibre are dyed with the addition of 3 percent of acetic acid (referred to the weight of the material to be referred to the weight of the fibre, 5 grams of polyacrylo- 'nitrile fibre are dyed with the addition of 2'percent of soda (referred to the weight of the material. to be dyed) using a liquor-to-goods ratio of 40:1. At '40-50 C. the material is immersed in the dye bath which is brought to the boil within'ZO-S'O minutes and boiled for one hour. It is then rinsed and dried. A bordeaux is thus obtained having good fastnessto light and wetting and particularly to ironing and sublimation. i

Valuable dyeings on polyacrylonitrile 'fibre's are also obtained if using in this exampleOJS to 1. 5% .by weight dyed) minga liquor'ztozgonds reflect-40d. .The material 75 of the article to be dyed of1an;organic;acid, preferably acetic acid or formic acid, and/or heating the dye bath sure and/or using the. dyesfufisnindicatedin the followto a temperature of fi om 105 C. to 115 C. under presing table:

* shade bfthe Dyestufl Y dyeing on poly- V H I agrylonltrile fibres I V /C s 1s. Nc-C N=N-N OH; 7 strongly yellowish orange. Cfir-N-CHa C1 I H HI v v V /C2 s 14. NC N= N\ /CHa Ted-bordeaux.

URBAN-CH3 CHaSOF 1 v N Ha v w v brbwizishorange.

.bluish red.

OH; reddish brown. ,7: CzH4N-CH3 C1 Ha C2H4OH +N CH3 i "stro nglyiddish 3 f yellow. 1 1 ,C2H4NCHa C1 CN H OH: I

CH3 Do.

Example 29 1 gram of the dyestufi obtained from diaaotized l-amino-2,5-dicyanobenzeneand l-(N-fl-methylaminoethyl)-amino-3-methylbenzene in the form of its chloroacetate is dissolved in 3 litres of water until clear and the solution treated with 3 grams of a 30% acetic acid. 100 grams of polyacrylonitrile fibre are immersed in the dye bath at 40-50 C., the bath is brought to 100 C. within 40 minutes and boiled for one hour and dried. The fibre is then rinsed in water. A clear yellowish orange shade is thus obtained having a good fastness to washing and to light. i

In the same manner dyeings of good fastness properties are obtained on polyacrylonitrile fibres with the dyestufis of the following table:

shade of the dyeing on poly acrylonitrlle fibres orange:

strongly yellowish orange.

orange:

brick-red;

CaH NHOHa shade otthe Dyestufi dyeing on polyacrylonitrile fibres /C:Hs as. En els-Oak ON\ reddishorange.

2H4NH: CH:

CH: H;

as. No,s N= 7 N\ Do.

CH3 cz a l Example 37 by weight of acrylonitrile, said article being dyed with 183 grams of 5-chloro-2-cyano-aniline are introduced with good stirring in 1620 grams of concentrated sulfuric acid (66 B.) and 204 millilitres of nitrosylsulfuric acid. The mixture is stirred into a solution of 1.2 mols of an azo compound having the formula:

which is obtained by reacting I-Nethyl-NQB-dimethylaminoethyl)-amino-3-methylbenzene with dimethyl sulfate in alkaline medium, grams of amido sulfonic acid and 600 millilitres of water with the addition of ice. The reaction mixture is then neutralized with soda lye. After stirring for 1 hour, the mixture is heated to 60 C. and cooled down overnight. The monoazo dyestulf thus obtained is then precipitated, filtered and dried. It corresponds to the formula:

CH: CHiSOl' wherein R stands for a member selected from the groups consisting of benzene radicals and heterocyclic radicals; R stands for a member selected from the groups consisting of benzene radicals, naphthalene radicals, acylacetic acid amide radicals and heterocyclic radicals, R stands for a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and hydroxyl lower alkyl, and NR;, stands for a member selected from the groups consisting of primary amino, secondary amino, tertiary amino and quaternary ammonium radicals.

2. A polyacrylonitrile article containing at least 85% a monoazo dyestufl of the formula '12 RN=N-R1NC H10 HQNR; wherein R and R are each benzene radicals, R is a lower alkyl and NR is a quaternary ammonium radical.

3. A polyacrylonitrile article containing at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile, said article being dyed with a a monoazo dyestufi corresponding to the formula 4. A polyacrylonitrile article containing at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile, said article being dyed with a monoazo dyestufi corresponding to the formula by weight of acrylonitrile, said article being dyed with a monoazo dyestufi corresponding to the formula 8 6. A polyacrylonitrile article containing at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile, said article being dyed with a monoazo dyestufi corresponding to the formula References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,238,485 Dickey Apr. 15, 1941 2,821,526 Boyd Jan. 28, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 203,214 Australia Sept. 6, 1956 OTHER REFERENCES (alrkez Amer. Dyestufl Reporter, August 29, 1955, p.

Amer. Dyestuff Reporter for May 9, 1955, p. P323; art. by W. H. Hindle. 

1. A POLYACRYLONITRILE ARTICLE CONTAINING AT LEAST 85% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLONITRILE, SAID ARTICLE BEING DYED WITH A MONOAZO DYESTUFF OF THE FORMULA 